Renewal of the legislation.
Starting from 2000 full updating of the legislation in the Kyrgyz Republic has being carried out The basic priorities of educational politics include democratization of attitudes between the subjects of educational process, granting academic freedom to educational institutions, creation of guarantees of granting qualitative education. The changes, which have been entered in the new legislation, are in some or other form connected with the world tendencies that are taking place within the limits of Bologna process. The processes of globalization occuring in socio-economic and political sphere have touched the system of higher education of Kyrgyzstan: an opportunity appeared for wide export of educational services, the system of higher education has entered the world educational market. It was promoted by a policy, held by the state in the field of education. The following documents have been accepted:
1. The Decree of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic UP 244 from
August 27,2000 On the State doctrine of development of sphere of education is in Kyrgyzstan till 2005.
The doctrine is aimed to provide:
- Availability for citizens of the Kyrgyz republic of free-of-charge initial, average general and initial professional education in the frame of the State Educational Standard;
- Historical continuity of achievements of education and preservation of national cultural traditions;
- Regular updating of the content of the general and professional education in view of changes in sphere of culture, economy, sciences, technics and technology;
- A continuity of education during whole human life;
- Achievement of efficiency and high quality of activities of educational establishments;
- Formation of modern outlook and scientific outlooks, patriotic education of citizens, development of culture of interethnic attitudes, ecological education, esthetic and physical education of the person;
- Variety of types and kinds of educational establishments, multivariant approach of educational programs;
- Preparation of highly skilled specialists, capable to solve professional problems in conditions of informatization of the society and introduction of new science based technologies.
The Doctrine thoroughly defines:
- Powers and duties of the state in the sphere of education;
- Conditions of realization of the Doctrine, such as availability of education, financing of an education system, increase of potential of the pedagogical staff.
2. The concept of development of education in KR till 2010, approved by the governmental order from 4/29/2002 259, considers
- The basic directions of development of education in the modern world and their consequences for the Kyrgyz Republic;
- The state policy, the purposes and problems in reforming educational system in the Kyrgyz Republic;
- Sectoral strategy of reforming of an educational system;
- Training of staff of educational sector;
- Reform of financial-economic relations in the sistem of higher education;
- Reforming management of education.
3. The Law of the Kyrgyz Republic «On education», approved by the Decree of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic from April 30, 2003 #92, establishes main principles of the state policy in the field of education, defines problems of realization of educational process, the directions of activity of educational organizations and the rights to get education in Kyrgyzstan. The law consists of 8 сhapters and 54 articles:
- General provisions;
- The education system;
- The rights and duties of students, teachers and parents in the education system;
- Social protection of students and workers in education system,
- Management of the education system;
- Financing and an economic basis of development of education;
- The international cooperation and external economic activity in the field of education;
- Final provisions, including « About bringing of normative - legal acts in conformity with the present Law ».
The new Law includes several new positions. The main change of the legislation, essentially distinguishing it from the former one, is that now all educational institutions have the legal form of educational organization and not establishments. Since September 1, 2005 the mechanism of privatization and transition of state higher educational institutions into joint-stock companies is introduced (it covers the educational institutions which are not entering into the list of state HEIs of republic and regional importance). It became obligatory to pass the General Republican testing for reception of the state educational grant for education in high school on the budgetary basis. The method of social-state management of an educational institution in the form of a board of trustees (co-management) was introduced. The new law established the order of elections of rectors in state HEIs on an alternative basis by the professor-teaching staff, the wide academic freedom is given and, accordingly, the responsibility for giving poor-quality educational services are indicated. These are only some principal changes.
4. Governmental order of the KR from February 3, 2004 #53 approved a number of basic normative and legal acts, regulating activities of the educational organizations of the higher and average professional education of the Kyrgyz Republic. Following regulations were approved:
- About structure and conditions of realization of professional educational programs of professional education in KR;
- About state educational standards (GOS) of professional education in KR;
- About documents of average, higher, additional and post institutional professional education of KR;
- About branches of the educational organizations of the higher professional education of KR;
- About the educational organization of the higher professional education of KR;
- About the educational organization of an average professional education of KR;
- About additional professional education of KR;
- About the order of elections of the heads of state educational organizations of the higher professional education of KR;
5. With a goal of realization of substantive provisions of the legislation in educational areas there were accepted the following normative-legal acts:
- Regulations about the state educational grants for education of the students of HEIs of KR and about General Republican testing of the candidates applying for the donative educational grants approved by the Decree of the President of KR #114 from March 30, 2004.
- Regulation «About boards of trustees of HEIs of Kyrgyz Republics », approved by the order of the Ministry of Education of the Kyrgyz Republic from December 31, 2004 №888/1.
- Regulation about final state certification of the graduates of HEIs of KR, approved by the order of the Ministry of Education of KR December 17, 2003 #1069/1,
- Regulation about the Academic Council of the HEI, approved by the order of the Ministry of Education of KR from February 14, 2000 #70/1,
- Regulations about the order of granting academic leaves to students of the higher and average professional educational institutions of the KR, approved by the order of the Ministry of Education #70/1 from February 14, 2000,
- Regulations about out-of-state-budget means of educational organizations, approved by the order of the Ministry of Education #844/1 from September 9, 2003 and registered in the Ministry of Justice #104-03 from October 3, 2003
- The order of mobility of students of HEIs, approved by the order of the Ministry of Education of KR #201/1 from April 1, 2004
- Regulation about final state certification of the graduates of HEIs of KR, approved by the order of the Ministry of Education #1069/1 from December 17, 2003,
- and others.
6. Governmental order КР from December 1,2000 #741 approved the Agreement on creation and functioning of branches of HEIs in the states-participants of the Treaty on the Customs Union and United Economic Space.
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